9.5 Wed:
Ultimate goal of public speaking: Persuade, Inform, Entertain
Pathos: passion Ethos: ethics Logos: logic
Literature review: show off / criticize
Kairos: flexibility
The appeals
Avoid ‘I think’- subjective, not confident
The cultural icons
9.10 Mon:
Vocal clarity: pronunciation, enunciation
Imitation: first step to learn a foreign language
Few words in a sentence: fluent, clear, confident
- Homework (groups)
-Reading about 10 rhetorical codes
-Watch rhetorical code PPT
9.12 Wed:
Tri-colon: [A, B, and/or C] A rhetorical device that employs a series of three parallel words, phrases, or clauses.
Anaphora: [A…A…A…] Repetition of initial part.
Antithesis: [Not X but Y] Create a contrast.
Metaphor: [X is Y] comparison; unlike things.
Simile: [X is like Y; X is as…as Y]
Enumeratio: [A, B, C, D, E…] Make a list.
Anadiplosis: [AB, BC, CD, DE…]
Scesis Onomaton: [A, A’, A’’…] Different words for the same meaning (not structure)
Rhetorical Question: A question whose answer is obvious or implied.
Hypophora: A question asked and then answered. (Emphasize your point)
Assonance: Repeating part of the word.
Homework: Write a poem: “Why I chose you”
• Must use Anaphora, Antithesis and Rhyming; may also use other rhetorical codes; focus on Pathos.
• Memorize it and present it as a 1 min speech.
• You = anything you wish : non-object (e.g., hope bravery, health, spirit), an object or a person.
• Keep your “You” hidden and unveil what your “You” is in the final sentence.
• Pay attention to your body language, voice quality, presentation skills, and powerful ending.
Why I chose you
You said life is hard as mankind,
You said right or wrong is never defined.
You said love is sometimes a compromise,
While you said it’s never too late to apologize.
Warm, brilliant and bright,
You mend the soul like the sunlight.
Breaking through the darkness of night,
Forget our anger, and say, alright.
You are the sensation that came upon;
You are a donation that lasts for long;
You are the salvation making my heart never alone.
That’s why I chose you,
That’s why I chose forgiveness.
9.26 Wed:
Vision without action is absolutely a daydream. Take our university life as an example: How many of us have set tremendous, magnificent goals at the beginning of every semester? High GPA, Social networking, consistent exercise and so on. But how many of the goals, at the end, can be achieved, or even be remembered? Perfect ideas, broad visions without persistence are only daydreams, it is our action that actually turns them into reality.
- Topic\Reflection\Gem
Topic : What you are talking about / What your position is?
Reflection: Go back and say same thing related with the topic now.
Gem: Give an impressive ending, usually calling for action.
- ARE-I
This structure will often be used as a part of a longer speech (7 minutes) in an English Debate. A typical debate speech might include 2 or 3 sets of ARE-I.
Assertion: A very strong claim.
Reasoning&Evidence: Make your strong claim convincing.
Impact: Highlight the importance of your points and make an impact to the audience.
The Standard
An introduction, conclusion, and three main points work well. Similar to an essay.The Classical Oration
Exordium (Opening statement: claim) Mention your claim at the very beginning.
Narratio (Background)
Partitio (Preview)
Introduction ⬆️ Main body ⬇️
Confirmatio (Development of thesis) Prove you are right.
Refutatio (Considering counterargument)
Peroratio (Conclusion)
Presentation Skills: Steve Jobs
Tight theme – Hit them with a headline
Stunning stories – stories that tell
Simple statistics – simplify numbers
Incredible images – 2 images are enough
Tiny text – edit the text ::concise - only put the key words on your slides::
Super smile – send out a smile
Magic moments – Put on a show
Moving, not losing – inform and summarize
10.10 Mon:
Timing essay: argumentative essay
Higher Order Concerns (HOCs): The basic structure / big things
Format, Unity, Structure, thesis, controlling ideas, introduction, main body, conclusion
Lower Order Concerns (LOCs): small but important things / detailed
Coherence (interrelated), level of formality (style), transitions, sentence variety
Unity and Coherence
The 4 Bases of Effective Writing:
unity, support (HOCs) / coherence, sentence skills (LOCs)
Five Paragraph Structure: (IELTS / TOEFL)
Introduction (1 para) , Main Body (3 para) , Conclusion (1 para)
The most important idea should be put in the last paragraph of the main body.
Least strongest point should be put in the middle.
Introduction: Start with some thing important, and then narrow it down, until you come to the thesis statement.
P- make your point in the topic sentence (controlling idea)
E- give evidence on the point with support
E-
L-
Cohesion and Coherence:
10.26 Mon:
What is an argument?
A reason or set of reasons that somebody uses to show that something is true or correct.
The topic must be arguable/debatable.
Make a balance between two opinions ➡️ Counterargument , refutation
#Notes/ENG 2001#